@Override
public Class<?> convert(final String s) throws ClassNotFoundException {
    switch (s.toLowerCase()) {
        case "boolean":
            return boolean.class;
        case "byte":
            return byte.class;
        case "char":
            return char.class;
        case "double":
            return double.class;
        case "float":
            return float.class;
        case "int":
            return int.class;
        case "long":
            return long.class;
        case "short":
            return short.class;
        case "void":
            return void.class;
        default:
            return LoaderUtil.loadClass(s);
    }

}
 

/**
 * Retrieve plugins from the main classloader.
 * @return Map of the List of PluginTypes by category.
 * @since 2.1
 */
public Map<String, List<PluginType<?>>> loadFromMainClassLoader() {
    final Map<String, List<PluginType<?>>> existing = pluginsByCategoryRef.get();
    if (existing != null) {
        // already loaded
        return existing;
    }
    final Map<String, List<PluginType<?>>> newPluginsByCategory = decodeCacheFiles(LoaderUtil.getClassLoader());
    loadPlugins(newPluginsByCategory);

    // Note multiple threads could be calling this method concurrently. Both will do the work,
    // but only one will be allowed to store the result in the AtomicReference.
    // Return the map produced by whichever thread won the race, so all callers will get the same result.
    if (pluginsByCategoryRef.compareAndSet(null, newPluginsByCategory)) {
        return newPluginsByCategory;
    }
    return pluginsByCategoryRef.get();
}
 

/**
 * Instantiate an object given a class name. Check that the
 * <code>className</code> is a subclass of
 * <code>superClass</code>. If that test fails or the object could
 * not be instantiated, then <code>defaultValue</code> is returned.
 *
 * @param className    The fully qualified class name of the object to instantiate.
 * @param superClass   The class to which the new object should belong.
 * @param defaultValue The object to return in case of non-fulfillment
 * @return The created object.
 */
public static Object instantiateByClassName(String className, Class<?> superClass,
        Object defaultValue) {
    if (className != null) {
        try {
            Object obj = LoaderUtil.newInstanceOf(className);
            if (!superClass.isAssignableFrom(obj.getClass())) {
                LOGGER.error("A \"{}\" object is not assignable to a \"{}\" variable", className,
                        superClass.getName());
                return defaultValue;
            }
            return obj;
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException | NoSuchMethodException | IllegalAccessException
                | InstantiationException | InvocationTargetException e) {
            LOGGER.error("Could not instantiate class [" + className + "].", e);
        }
    }
    return defaultValue;
}
 

private RewritePolicy buildRewritePolicy(String className, Element element) {
    try {
        RewritePolicy policy = LoaderUtil.newInstanceOf(className);
        PropertySetter propSetter = new PropertySetter(policy);

        forEachElement(element.getChildNodes(), (currentElement) -> {
            if (currentElement.getTagName().equalsIgnoreCase(PARAM_TAG)) {
                setParameter(currentElement, propSetter);
            }
        });
        propSetter.activate();
        return policy;
    } catch (ConsumerException ex) {
        Throwable t = ex.getCause();
        if (t instanceof InterruptedException || t instanceof InterruptedIOException) {
            Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
        }
        LOGGER.error("Could not create an RewritePolicy. Reported error follows.", t);
    } catch (Exception oops) {
        if (oops instanceof InterruptedException || oops instanceof InterruptedIOException) {
            Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
        }
        LOGGER.error("Could not create an RewritePolicy. Reported error follows.", oops);
    }
    return null;
}
 

private <T extends AbstractBuilder> T createBuilder(PluginType<?> plugin, String prefix, Properties props) {
    try {
        Class<?> clazz = plugin.getPluginClass();
        if (AbstractBuilder.class.isAssignableFrom(clazz)) {
            @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
            Constructor<T> constructor =
                    (Constructor<T>) clazz.getConstructor(constructorParams);
            return constructor.newInstance(prefix, props);
        } else {
            @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
            T builder = (T) LoaderUtil.newInstanceOf(clazz);
            return builder;
        }
    } catch (NoSuchMethodException | InstantiationException | IllegalAccessException | InvocationTargetException ex) {
        LOGGER.warn("Unable to load plugin: {} due to: {}", plugin.getKey(), ex.getMessage());
        return null;
    }
}
 

/**
 * Instantiate an object given a class name. Check that the
 * <code>className</code> is a subclass of
 * <code>superClass</code>. If that test fails or the object could
 * not be instantiated, then <code>defaultValue</code> is returned.
 *
 * @param className    The fully qualified class name of the object to instantiate.
 * @param superClass   The class to which the new object should belong.
 * @param defaultValue The object to return in case of non-fulfillment
 */
public static Object instantiateByClassName(String className, Class<?> superClass,
        Object defaultValue) {
    if (className != null) {
        try {
            Object obj = LoaderUtil.newInstanceOf(className);
            if (!superClass.isAssignableFrom(obj.getClass())) {
                LOGGER.error("A \"{}\" object is not assignable to a \"{}\" variable", className,
                        superClass.getName());
                return defaultValue;
            }
            return obj;
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException | NoSuchMethodException | IllegalAccessException
                | InstantiationException | InvocationTargetException e) {
            LOGGER.error("Could not instantiate class [" + className + "].", e);
        }
    }
    return defaultValue;
}
 

public static AuthorizationProvider authorizationProvider(PropertiesUtil props) {
    final String authClass = props.getStringProperty(AUTHORIZATION_PROVIDER);
    AuthorizationProvider provider = null;
    if (authClass != null) {
        try {
            Object obj = LoaderUtil.newInstanceOf(authClass);
            if (obj instanceof AuthorizationProvider) {
                provider = (AuthorizationProvider) obj;
            } else {
                LOGGER.warn("{} is not an AuthorizationProvider, using default", obj.getClass().getName());
            }
        } catch (Exception ex) {
            LOGGER.warn("Unable to create {}, using default: {}", authClass, ex.getMessage());
        }
    }
    if (provider == null) {
        provider = new BasicAuthorizationProvider(props);
    }
    return provider;
}
 

public BasicAuthorizationProvider(PropertiesUtil props) {
    String userName = props.getStringProperty(PREFIXES,AUTH_USER_NAME,
            () -> props.getStringProperty(CONFIG_USER_NAME));
    String password = props.getStringProperty(PREFIXES, AUTH_PASSWORD,
            () -> props.getStringProperty(CONFIG_PASSWORD));
    String decryptor = props.getStringProperty(PREFIXES, AUTH_PASSWORD_DECRYPTOR,
            () -> props.getStringProperty(PASSWORD_DECRYPTOR));
    if (decryptor != null) {
        try {
            Object obj = LoaderUtil.newInstanceOf(decryptor);
            if (obj instanceof PasswordDecryptor) {
                password = ((PasswordDecryptor) obj).decryptPassword(password);
            }
        } catch (Exception ex) {
            LOGGER.warn("Unable to decrypt password.", ex);
        }
    }
    if (userName != null && password != null) {
        authString = "Basic " + encoder.encodeToString((userName + ":" + password).getBytes());
    }
}
 

private Class loadClass(String className, String argName) {

            if (className == null) {
                throw new ConfigurationException(String.format("No %s provided for %s", argName, JacksonMixIn.PLUGIN_NAME));
            }

            try {
                return LoaderUtil.loadClass(className);
            } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
                throw new ConfigurationException(String.format("Cannot load %s: %s for %s", argName, className, JacksonMixIn.PLUGIN_NAME));
            }

        }
 

public ClassPathCatalogReader(Map<String, String> attributes) throws IOException {
    String catalogFile = attributes != null ?
        attributes.getOrDefault(CATALOG_ATTRIBUTE_NAME, DEFAULT_CATALOG_FILE) : DEFAULT_CATALOG_FILE;
    Collection<URL> catalogs = LoaderUtil.findResources(catalogFile);
    if (catalogs.isEmpty()) {
        LOGGER.error("No catalog named {} could be found on the class path", catalogFile);
        throw new FileNotFoundException("No catalog named " + catalogFile + " could be found");
    }

    URL catalogURL = catalogs.iterator().next();
    if (catalogs.size() > 1) {
        LOGGER.warn("Multiple catalogs named {} were found. Using {}", catalogFile, catalogURL.toString());
    }

    catalog = readCatalog(catalogURL);
    LocalDateTime localDateTime = null;
    try {
        URLConnection connection = catalogURL.openConnection();
        localDateTime = LocalDateTime.ofInstant(Instant.ofEpochMilli(connection.getLastModified()),
                ZoneId.systemDefault());
    } catch (IOException ioe) {
        LOGGER.warn("Unable to open connection to {}", catalogURL.toString());
    }
    lastUpdated = localDateTime;
    JsonFactory factory = new JsonFactory();
    factory.enable(JsonParser.Feature.ALLOW_COMMENTS);
    ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper(factory);
    catalogData = objectMapper.readValue(catalog, CatalogData.class);
}
 

/**
 * Gets the {@link LoggerContext} associated with the given caller class.
 *
 * @param callerClass the caller class
 * @return the LoggerContext for the calling class
 */
protected LoggerContext getContext(final Class<?> callerClass) {
    ClassLoader cl = null;
    if (callerClass != null) {
        cl = callerClass.getClassLoader();
    }
    if (cl == null) {
        cl = LoaderUtil.getThreadContextClassLoader();
    }
    return LogManager.getContext(cl, false);
}
 

private static Class<? extends MessageFactory> createClassForProperty(final String property,
        final Class<ReusableMessageFactory> reusableParameterizedMessageFactoryClass,
        final Class<ParameterizedMessageFactory> parameterizedMessageFactoryClass) {
    try {
        final String fallback = Constants.ENABLE_THREADLOCALS ? reusableParameterizedMessageFactoryClass.getName()
                : parameterizedMessageFactoryClass.getName();
        final String clsName = PropertiesUtil.getProperties().getStringProperty(property, fallback);
        return LoaderUtil.loadClass(clsName).asSubclass(MessageFactory.class);
    } catch (final Throwable t) {
        return parameterizedMessageFactoryClass;
    }
}
 

private static Class<? extends FlowMessageFactory> createFlowClassForProperty(final String property,
        final Class<DefaultFlowMessageFactory> defaultFlowMessageFactoryClass) {
    try {
        final String clsName = PropertiesUtil.getProperties().getStringProperty(property, defaultFlowMessageFactoryClass.getName());
        return LoaderUtil.loadClass(clsName).asSubclass(FlowMessageFactory.class);
    } catch (final Throwable t) {
        return defaultFlowMessageFactoryClass;
    }
}
 

/**
 * Load plugins across all ClassLoaders.
 * @param map The Map of the lists of plugins organized by category.
 * @since 3.0
 */
public void loadPlugins(Map<String, List<PluginType<?>>> map) {
    for (ClassLoader classLoader : LoaderUtil.getClassLoaders()) {
        try {
            loadPlugins(classLoader, map);
        } catch (Throwable ex) {
            LOGGER.debug("Unable to retrieve provider from ClassLoader {}", classLoader, ex);
        }
    }
}
 

private Layout buildLayout(String className, Element layout_element) {
    try {
        Layout layout = LoaderUtil.newInstanceOf(className);
        PropertySetter propSetter = new PropertySetter(layout);
        forEachElement(layout_element.getChildNodes(), (currentElement) -> {
            String tagName = currentElement.getTagName();
            if (tagName.equals(PARAM_TAG)) {
                setParameter(currentElement, propSetter);
            } else {
                try {
                    parseUnrecognizedElement(layout, currentElement, props);
                } catch (Exception ex) {
                    throw new ConsumerException(ex);
                }
            }
        });

        propSetter.activate();
        return layout;
    } catch (ConsumerException ce) {
        Throwable cause = ce.getCause();
        if (cause instanceof InterruptedException || cause instanceof InterruptedIOException) {
            Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
        }
        LOGGER.error("Could not create the Layout. Reported error follows.", cause);
    } catch (Exception oops) {
        if (oops instanceof InterruptedException || oops instanceof InterruptedIOException) {
            Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
        }
        LOGGER.error("Could not create the Layout. Reported error follows.", oops);
    }
    return null;
}
 

/**
 * Used internally to parse a level  element.
 */
private void parseLevel(Element element, LoggerConfig logger, boolean isRoot) {
    String catName = logger.getName();
    if (isRoot) {
        catName = "root";
    }

    String priStr = subst(element.getAttribute(VALUE_ATTR));
    LOGGER.debug("Level value for {} is [{}}].", catName, priStr);

    if (INHERITED.equalsIgnoreCase(priStr) || NULL.equalsIgnoreCase(priStr)) {
        if (isRoot) {
            LOGGER.error("Root level cannot be inherited. Ignoring directive.");
        } else {
            logger.setLevel(null);
        }
    } else {
        String className = subst(element.getAttribute(CLASS_ATTR));
        if (EMPTY_STR.equals(className)) {
            logger.setLevel(OptionConverter.convertLevel(priStr, org.apache.logging.log4j.Level.DEBUG));
        } else {
            LOGGER.debug("Desired Level sub-class: [{}]", className);
            try {
                Class<?> clazz = LoaderUtil.loadClass(className);
                Method toLevelMethod = clazz.getMethod("toLevel", ONE_STRING_PARAM);
                Level pri = (Level) toLevelMethod.invoke(null, new Object[]{priStr});
                logger.setLevel(OptionConverter.convertLevel(pri));
            } catch (Exception oops) {
                if (oops instanceof InterruptedException || oops instanceof InterruptedIOException) {
                    Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
                }
                LOGGER.error("Could not create level [" + priStr +
                        "]. Reported error follows.", oops);
                return;
            }
        }
    }
    LOGGER.debug("{} level set to {}", catName,  logger.getLevel());
}
 

private static <T> T newInstanceOf(String className, String type) {
    try {
        return LoaderUtil.newInstanceOf(className);
    } catch (ClassNotFoundException | IllegalAccessException | NoSuchMethodException |
            InstantiationException | InvocationTargetException ex) {
        LOGGER.error("Unable to create {} {} due to {}:{}", type,  className,
                ex.getClass().getSimpleName(), ex.getMessage());
        return null;
    }
}
 

public Appender parseAppender(String className, Element appenderElement, XmlConfiguration config) {
    PluginType<?> plugin = plugins.get(className.toLowerCase());
    if (plugin != null) {
        try {
            @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
            AppenderBuilder builder = (AppenderBuilder) LoaderUtil.newInstanceOf(plugin.getPluginClass());
            return builder.parseAppender(appenderElement, config);
        } catch (InstantiationException | IllegalAccessException | InvocationTargetException ex) {
            LOGGER.warn("Unable to load plugin: {} due to: {}", plugin.getKey(), ex.getMessage());
        }
    }
    return null;
}
 

public Filter parseFilter(String className, Element filterElement, XmlConfiguration config) {
    PluginType<?> plugin = plugins.get(className.toLowerCase());
    if (plugin != null) {
        try {
            @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
            FilterBuilder builder = (FilterBuilder) LoaderUtil.newInstanceOf(plugin.getPluginClass());
            return builder.parseFilter(filterElement, config);
        } catch (InstantiationException | IllegalAccessException | InvocationTargetException ex) {
            LOGGER.warn("Unable to load plugin: {} due to: {}", plugin.getKey(), ex.getMessage());
        }
    }
    return null;
}
 

public Layout parseLayout(String className, Element layoutElement, XmlConfiguration config) {
    PluginType<?> plugin = plugins.get(className.toLowerCase());
    if (plugin != null) {
        try {
            @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
            LayoutBuilder builder = (LayoutBuilder) LoaderUtil.newInstanceOf(plugin.getPluginClass());
            return builder.parseLayout(layoutElement, config);
        } catch (InstantiationException | IllegalAccessException | InvocationTargetException ex) {
            LOGGER.warn("Unable to load plugin: {} due to: {}", plugin.getKey(), ex.getMessage());
        }
    }
    return null;
}
 

public RewritePolicy parseRewritePolicy(String className, Element rewriteElement, XmlConfiguration config) {
    PluginType<?> plugin = plugins.get(className.toLowerCase());
    if (plugin != null) {
        try {
            @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
            RewritePolicyBuilder builder = (RewritePolicyBuilder) LoaderUtil.newInstanceOf(plugin.getPluginClass());
            return builder.parseRewritePolicy(rewriteElement, config);
        } catch (InstantiationException | IllegalAccessException | InvocationTargetException ex) {
            LOGGER.warn("Unable to load plugin: {} due to: {}", plugin.getKey(), ex.getMessage());
        }
    }
    return null;
}
 

private Layout buildLayout(String className, Element layout_element) {
    try {
        Layout layout = LoaderUtil.newInstanceOf(className);
        PropertySetter propSetter = new PropertySetter(layout);
        forEachElement(layout_element.getChildNodes(), (currentElement) -> {
            String tagName = currentElement.getTagName();
            if (tagName.equals(PARAM_TAG)) {
                setParameter(currentElement, propSetter);
            } else {
                try {
                    parseUnrecognizedElement(layout, currentElement, props);
                } catch (Exception ex) {
                    throw new ConsumerException(ex);
                }
            }
        });

        propSetter.activate();
        return layout;
    } catch (ConsumerException ce) {
        Throwable cause = ce.getCause();
        if (cause instanceof InterruptedException || cause instanceof InterruptedIOException) {
            Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
        }
        LOGGER.error("Could not create the Layout. Reported error follows.", cause);
    } catch (Exception oops) {
        if (oops instanceof InterruptedException || oops instanceof InterruptedIOException) {
            Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
        }
        LOGGER.error("Could not create the Layout. Reported error follows.", oops);
    }
    return null;
}
 

/**
 * Used internally to parse a level  element.
 */
private void parseLevel(Element element, LoggerConfig logger, boolean isRoot) {
    String catName = logger.getName();
    if (isRoot) {
        catName = "root";
    }

    String priStr = subst(element.getAttribute(VALUE_ATTR));
    LOGGER.debug("Level value for {} is [{}}].", catName, priStr);

    if (INHERITED.equalsIgnoreCase(priStr) || NULL.equalsIgnoreCase(priStr)) {
        if (isRoot) {
            LOGGER.error("Root level cannot be inherited. Ignoring directive.");
        } else {
            logger.setLevel(null);
        }
    } else {
        String className = subst(element.getAttribute(CLASS_ATTR));
        if (EMPTY_STR.equals(className)) {
            logger.setLevel(convertLevel(OptionConverter.toLevel(priStr, Level.DEBUG)));
        } else {
            LOGGER.debug("Desired Level sub-class: [{}]", className);
            try {
                Class<?> clazz = LoaderUtil.loadClass(className);
                Method toLevelMethod = clazz.getMethod("toLevel", ONE_STRING_PARAM);
                Level pri = (Level) toLevelMethod.invoke(null, new Object[]{priStr});
                logger.setLevel(convertLevel(pri));
            } catch (Exception oops) {
                if (oops instanceof InterruptedException || oops instanceof InterruptedIOException) {
                    Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
                }
                LOGGER.error("Could not create level [" + priStr +
                        "]. Reported error follows.", oops);
                return;
            }
        }
    }
    LOGGER.debug("{} level set to {}", catName,  logger.getLevel());
}
 

public Appender parseAppender(String className, Element appenderElement, XmlConfigurationFactory factory) {
    PluginType<?> plugin = plugins.get(className.toLowerCase());
    if (plugin != null) {
        try {
            @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
            AppenderBuilder builder = (AppenderBuilder) LoaderUtil.newInstanceOf(plugin.getPluginClass());
            return builder.parseAppender(appenderElement, factory);
        } catch (InstantiationException | IllegalAccessException | InvocationTargetException ex) {
            LOGGER.warn("Unable to load plugin: {} due to: {}", plugin.getKey(), ex.getMessage());
        }
    }
    return null;
}
 

public Filter parseFilter(String className, Element filterElement, XmlConfigurationFactory factory) {
    PluginType<?> plugin = plugins.get(className.toLowerCase());
    if (plugin != null) {
        try {
            @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
            FilterBuilder builder = (FilterBuilder) LoaderUtil.newInstanceOf(plugin.getPluginClass());
            return builder.parseFilter(filterElement, factory);
        } catch (InstantiationException | IllegalAccessException | InvocationTargetException ex) {
            LOGGER.warn("Unable to load plugin: {} due to: {}", plugin.getKey(), ex.getMessage());
        }
    }
    return null;
}
 

public Layout parseLayout(String className, Element layoutElement, XmlConfigurationFactory factory) {
    PluginType<?> plugin = plugins.get(className.toLowerCase());
    if (plugin != null) {
        try {
            @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
            LayoutBuilder builder = (LayoutBuilder) LoaderUtil.newInstanceOf(plugin.getPluginClass());
            return builder.parseLayout(layoutElement, factory);
        } catch (InstantiationException | IllegalAccessException | InvocationTargetException ex) {
            LOGGER.warn("Unable to load plugin: {} due to: {}", plugin.getKey(), ex.getMessage());
        }
    }
    return null;
}
 

private static EventDataConverter createConverter() {
    try {
        LoaderUtil.loadClass("org.slf4j.ext.EventData");
        return new EventDataConverter();
    } catch (final ClassNotFoundException cnfe) {
        return null;
    }
}
 

private ClassLoader getClassLoader() {
    try {
        // if container is Servlet 3.0, use its getClassLoader method
        // this may look odd, but the call below will throw NoSuchMethodError if user is on Servlet 2.5
        // we compile against 3.0 to support Log4jServletContainerInitializer, but we don't require 3.0
        return this.servletContext.getClassLoader();
    } catch (final Throwable ignore) {
        // LOG4J2-248: use TCCL if possible
        return LoaderUtil.getThreadContextClassLoader();
    }
}
 

public SLF4JLoggerContextFactory() {
    // LOG4J2-230, LOG4J2-204 (improve error reporting when misconfigured)
    boolean misconfigured = false;
    try {
        LoaderUtil.loadClass("org.slf4j.helpers.Log4jLoggerFactory");
        misconfigured = true;
    } catch (final ClassNotFoundException classNotFoundIsGood) {
        LOGGER.debug("org.slf4j.helpers.Log4jLoggerFactory is not on classpath. Good!");
    }
    if (misconfigured) {
        throw new IllegalStateException("slf4j-impl jar is mutually exclusive with log4j-to-slf4j jar "
                + "(the first routes calls from SLF4J to Log4j, the second from Log4j to SLF4J)");
    }
}
 

private Configuration getConfiguration(String requiredVersion, final LoggerContext loggerContext,
        final String configLocationStr) {
    ConfigurationSource source = null;
    try {
        source = ConfigurationSource.fromUri(NetUtils.toURI(configLocationStr));
    } catch (final Exception ex) {
        // Ignore the error and try as a String.
        LOGGER.catching(Level.DEBUG, ex);
    }
    if (source == null) {
        final ClassLoader loader = LoaderUtil.getThreadContextClassLoader();
        source = getInputFromString(configLocationStr, loader);
    }
    if (source != null) {
        for (final ConfigurationFactory factory : getFactories()) {
            if (requiredVersion != null && !factory.getVersion().equals(requiredVersion)) {
                continue;
            }
            final String[] types = factory.getSupportedTypes();
            if (types != null) {
                for (final String type : types) {
                    if (type.equals(ALL_TYPES) || configLocationStr.endsWith(type)) {
                        final Configuration config = factory.getConfiguration(loggerContext, source);
                        if (config != null) {
                            return config;
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
    return null;
}