private Map<String, AttributeValueUpdate> createAttributes(Entry entry) {
    Map<String, AttributeValueUpdate> attributes = new HashMap<>();
    attributes.put(SCHEMA_VERSION_FIELD_NAME, new AttributeValueUpdate()
            .withAction(AttributeAction.PUT)
            .withValue(new AttributeValue().withN(SCHEMA_VERSION)));

    attributes.put(OPTIMISTIC_LOCK_FIELD_NAME, new AttributeValueUpdate()
            .withAction(AttributeAction.PUT)
            .withValue(new AttributeValue().withS(sha(entry))));

    for (Map.Entry<Integer, String> e : attributeMappings.entrySet()) {

        Object value = getValue(entry, e.getValue());
        if (value != null) {
            attributes.put(e.getKey().toString(),
                    new AttributeValueUpdate()
                            .withAction(AttributeAction.PUT)
                            .withValue(getAttribute(value)));
        }
    }
    return attributes;
}
 

@Test
public void test_updateItem_WithAllParameters() throws Exception {
  createTable();
  putItem(TEST_ATTRIBUTE, TEST_ATTRIBUTE_VALUE);

  String UPDATE_ATTRIBUTE_VALUE = "UpdateAttributeValue1";

  Map<String, AttributeValue> key = new HashMap<String, AttributeValue>();
  key.put(TEST_ATTRIBUTE, new AttributeValue()
    .withS(TEST_ATTRIBUTE_VALUE));
  Map<String, AttributeValueUpdate> attributeUpdates = new HashMap<String, AttributeValueUpdate>();
  attributeUpdates.put(TEST_ATTRIBUTE, new AttributeValueUpdate()
    .withAction(AttributeAction.PUT)
    .withValue(new AttributeValue()
      .withS(UPDATE_ATTRIBUTE_VALUE)));
  String returnValues = "";

  UpdateItemResult result = dynamoDb.updateItem(TEST_TABLE_NAME, key, attributeUpdates, returnValues);
  Double units = result.getConsumedCapacity().getCapacityUnits();

  GetItemResult getItemResult = getItem(TEST_ATTRIBUTE, UPDATE_ATTRIBUTE_VALUE);
  String updatedValue = getItemResult.getItem().get(TEST_ATTRIBUTE).getS();

  assertThat(units.doubleValue(), equalTo(1.0));
  assertThat(updatedValue, equalTo(UPDATE_ATTRIBUTE_VALUE));
}
 

public static void updateItem(AmazonDynamoDBClient client, String tableName, String id, String val) {
    java.util.Map<String, AttributeValue> key = new HashMap<String, AttributeValue>();
    key.put("Id", new AttributeValue().withN(id));

    Map<String, AttributeValueUpdate> attributeUpdates = new HashMap<String, AttributeValueUpdate>();
    AttributeValueUpdate update = new AttributeValueUpdate()
        .withAction(AttributeAction.PUT)
        .withValue(new AttributeValue().withS(val));
    attributeUpdates.put("attribute-2", update);

    UpdateItemRequest updateItemRequest = new UpdateItemRequest()
        .withTableName(tableName)
        .withKey(key)
        .withAttributeUpdates(attributeUpdates);
    client.updateItem(updateItemRequest);
}
 

@Test
public void getThenUpdateNewItem() {
    Transaction t1 = manager.newTransaction();
    Map<String, AttributeValue> key1 = newKey(INTEG_HASH_TABLE_NAME);
    
    Map<String, AttributeValue> item1 = new HashMap<String, AttributeValue>(key1);
    item1.put("asdf", new AttributeValue("didn't exist"));
    
    Map<String, AttributeValueUpdate> updates1 = new HashMap<String, AttributeValueUpdate>();
    updates1.put("asdf", new AttributeValueUpdate(new AttributeValue("didn't exist"), AttributeAction.PUT));
    
    Map<String, AttributeValue> getResult = t1.getItem(new GetItemRequest().withTableName(INTEG_HASH_TABLE_NAME).withKey(key1)).getItem();
    assertItemLocked(INTEG_HASH_TABLE_NAME, key1, t1.getId(), true, false);
    assertNull(getResult);
    
    Map<String, AttributeValue> updateResult = t1.updateItem(new UpdateItemRequest().withTableName(INTEG_HASH_TABLE_NAME).withKey(key1)
            .withAttributeUpdates(updates1).withReturnValues(ReturnValue.ALL_NEW)).getAttributes();
    assertItemLocked(INTEG_HASH_TABLE_NAME, key1, item1, t1.getId(), true, true);
    assertEquals(item1, updateResult);
    
    t1.commit();
    
    assertItemNotLocked(INTEG_HASH_TABLE_NAME, key1, item1, true);
}
 

@Test
public void getThenUpdateExistingItem() {
    Transaction t1 = manager.newTransaction();
    
    Map<String, AttributeValue> item0a = new HashMap<String, AttributeValue>(item0);
    item0a.put("wef", new AttributeValue("new attr"));
    
    Map<String, AttributeValueUpdate> updates1 = new HashMap<String, AttributeValueUpdate>();
    updates1.put("wef", new AttributeValueUpdate(new AttributeValue("new attr"), AttributeAction.PUT));
    
    Map<String, AttributeValue> getResult = t1.getItem(new GetItemRequest().withTableName(INTEG_HASH_TABLE_NAME).withKey(key0)).getItem();
    assertItemLocked(INTEG_HASH_TABLE_NAME, key0, item0, t1.getId(), false, false);
    assertEquals(item0, getResult);
    
    Map<String, AttributeValue> updateResult = t1.updateItem(new UpdateItemRequest().withTableName(INTEG_HASH_TABLE_NAME).withKey(key0)
            .withAttributeUpdates(updates1).withReturnValues(ReturnValue.ALL_NEW)).getAttributes();
    assertItemLocked(INTEG_HASH_TABLE_NAME, key0, item0a, t1.getId(), false, true);
    assertEquals(item0a, updateResult);
    
    t1.commit();
    
    assertItemNotLocked(INTEG_HASH_TABLE_NAME, key0, item0a, true);
}
 

@Test
public void updateItemAllOldInsert() {
    Transaction t1 = manager.newTransaction();
    Map<String, AttributeValue> key1 = newKey(INTEG_HASH_TABLE_NAME);
    Map<String, AttributeValue> item1 = new HashMap<String, AttributeValue>(key1);
    item1.put("asdf", new AttributeValue("wef"));
    Map<String, AttributeValueUpdate> updates = new HashMap<String, AttributeValueUpdate>();
    updates.put("asdf", new AttributeValueUpdate().withAction(AttributeAction.PUT).withValue(new AttributeValue("wef")));
    
    Map<String, AttributeValue> result1 = t1.updateItem(new UpdateItemRequest()
        .withTableName(INTEG_HASH_TABLE_NAME)
        .withKey(key1)
        .withAttributeUpdates(updates)
        .withReturnValues(ReturnValue.ALL_OLD)).getAttributes();
    assertItemLocked(INTEG_HASH_TABLE_NAME, key1, item1, t1.getId(), true, true);
    assertNull(result1);
    
    t1.commit();
    
    assertItemNotLocked(INTEG_HASH_TABLE_NAME, key1, item1, true);
}
 

@Test
public void updateItemAllOldOverwrite() {
    Transaction t1 = manager.newTransaction();
    Map<String, AttributeValue> item1 = new HashMap<String, AttributeValue>(item0);
    item1.put("asdf", new AttributeValue("wef"));
    Map<String, AttributeValueUpdate> updates = new HashMap<String, AttributeValueUpdate>();
    updates.put("asdf", new AttributeValueUpdate().withAction(AttributeAction.PUT).withValue(new AttributeValue("wef")));
    
    Map<String, AttributeValue> result1 = t1.updateItem(new UpdateItemRequest()
        .withTableName(INTEG_HASH_TABLE_NAME)
        .withKey(key0)
        .withAttributeUpdates(updates)
        .withReturnValues(ReturnValue.ALL_OLD)).getAttributes();
    assertItemLocked(INTEG_HASH_TABLE_NAME, key0, item1, t1.getId(), false, true);
    assertEquals(result1, item0);
    
    t1.commit();
    
    assertItemNotLocked(INTEG_HASH_TABLE_NAME, key0, item1, true);
}
 

@Test
public void updateItemAllNewInsert() {
    Transaction t1 = manager.newTransaction();
    Map<String, AttributeValue> key1 = newKey(INTEG_HASH_TABLE_NAME);
    Map<String, AttributeValue> item1 = new HashMap<String, AttributeValue>(key1);
    item1.put("asdf", new AttributeValue("wef"));
    Map<String, AttributeValueUpdate> updates = new HashMap<String, AttributeValueUpdate>();
    updates.put("asdf", new AttributeValueUpdate().withAction(AttributeAction.PUT).withValue(new AttributeValue("wef")));
    
    Map<String, AttributeValue> result1 = t1.updateItem(new UpdateItemRequest()
        .withTableName(INTEG_HASH_TABLE_NAME)
        .withKey(key1)
        .withAttributeUpdates(updates)
        .withReturnValues(ReturnValue.ALL_NEW)).getAttributes();
    assertItemLocked(INTEG_HASH_TABLE_NAME, key1, item1, t1.getId(), true, true);
    assertEquals(result1, item1);
    
    t1.commit();
    
    assertItemNotLocked(INTEG_HASH_TABLE_NAME, key1, item1, true);
}
 

@Test
public void updateItemAllNewOverwrite() {
    Transaction t1 = manager.newTransaction();
    Map<String, AttributeValue> item1 = new HashMap<String, AttributeValue>(item0);
    item1.put("asdf", new AttributeValue("wef"));
    Map<String, AttributeValueUpdate> updates = new HashMap<String, AttributeValueUpdate>();
    updates.put("asdf", new AttributeValueUpdate().withAction(AttributeAction.PUT).withValue(new AttributeValue("wef")));
    
    Map<String, AttributeValue> result1 = t1.updateItem(new UpdateItemRequest()
        .withTableName(INTEG_HASH_TABLE_NAME)
        .withKey(key0)
        .withAttributeUpdates(updates)
        .withReturnValues(ReturnValue.ALL_NEW)).getAttributes();
    assertItemLocked(INTEG_HASH_TABLE_NAME, key0, item1, t1.getId(), false, true);
    assertEquals(result1, item1);
    
    t1.commit();
    
    assertItemNotLocked(INTEG_HASH_TABLE_NAME, key0, item1, true);
}
 

/**
 * Make an update.
 * @param action The action
 * @return The update
 */
public AttributeValueUpdate update(final AttributeAction action) {
    return new AttributeValueUpdate()
        .withAction(action)
        .withValue(
            new AttributeValue().withN(
                Long.toString(this.longValue())
            )
        );
}
 

/**
 * Save XML.
 * @param xml The XML to save
 * @throws IOException If fails
 */
private void save(final String xml) throws IOException {
    this.item.put(
        "usage",
        new AttributeValueUpdate()
            .withValue(new AttributeValue().withS(xml))
            .withAction(AttributeAction.PUT)
    );
}
 

/**
 * Save total.
 * @param total Total usage
 * @throws IOException If fails
 */
private void save(final long total) throws IOException {
    this.item.put(
        "total",
        new AttributeValueUpdate()
            .withValue(new AttributeValue().withN(Long.toString(total)))
            .withAction(AttributeAction.PUT)
    );
}
 

public static void updateItem(AmazonDynamoDB dynamoDBClient, String tableName, String id, String val) {
    java.util.Map<String, AttributeValue> key = new HashMap<String, AttributeValue>();
    key.put("Id", new AttributeValue().withN(id));

    Map<String, AttributeValueUpdate> attributeUpdates = new HashMap<String, AttributeValueUpdate>();
    AttributeValueUpdate update = new AttributeValueUpdate().withAction(AttributeAction.PUT)
        .withValue(new AttributeValue().withS(val));
    attributeUpdates.put("attribute-2", update);

    UpdateItemRequest updateItemRequest = new UpdateItemRequest().withTableName(tableName).withKey(key)
        .withAttributeUpdates(attributeUpdates);
    dynamoDBClient.updateItem(updateItemRequest);
}
 

public SingleUpdateBuilder put(final StaticBuffer column, final StaticBuffer value) {
    updates.put(encodeKeyBuffer(column),
            new AttributeValueUpdate()
                    .withAction(AttributeAction.PUT)
                    .withValue(encodeValue(value)));
    return this;
}
 

private void updateRowColumnUpdates(String storeName,
                                    Map<String, AttributeValue> key,
                                    List<DColumn> colList) {
    Map<String, AttributeValueUpdate> attributeUpdates = new HashMap<>();
    for (DColumn col : colList) {
        AttributeValue attrValue = mapColumnValue(storeName, col);
        attributeUpdates.put(col.getName(), new AttributeValueUpdate(attrValue, AttributeAction.PUT));
    }
    m_service.updateRow(storeName, key, attributeUpdates);
}
 

private void updateRowColumnDeletes(String storeName,
                                    Map<String, AttributeValue> key,
                                    List<String> colNames) {
    Map<String, AttributeValueUpdate> attributeUpdates = new HashMap<>();
    for (String colName : colNames) {
        attributeUpdates.put(colName, new AttributeValueUpdate().withAction(AttributeAction.DELETE));
    }
    m_service.updateRow(storeName, key, attributeUpdates);
}
 

private void updatePoint(JSONObject requestObject, PrintWriter out) throws IOException, JSONException {
	GeoPoint geoPoint = new GeoPoint(requestObject.getDouble("lat"), requestObject.getDouble("lng"));
	AttributeValue rangeKeyAttributeValue = new AttributeValue().withS(requestObject.getString("rangeKey"));

	String schoolName = requestObject.getString("schoolName");
	AttributeValueUpdate schoolNameValueUpdate = null;

	String memo = requestObject.getString("memo");
	AttributeValueUpdate memoValueUpdate = null;

	if (schoolName == null || schoolName.equalsIgnoreCase("")) {
		schoolNameValueUpdate = new AttributeValueUpdate().withAction(AttributeAction.DELETE);
	} else {
		AttributeValue schoolNameAttributeValue = new AttributeValue().withS(schoolName);
		schoolNameValueUpdate = new AttributeValueUpdate().withAction(AttributeAction.PUT).withValue(
				schoolNameAttributeValue);
	}

	if (memo == null || memo.equalsIgnoreCase("")) {
		memoValueUpdate = new AttributeValueUpdate().withAction(AttributeAction.DELETE);
	} else {
		AttributeValue memoAttributeValue = new AttributeValue().withS(memo);
		memoValueUpdate = new AttributeValueUpdate().withAction(AttributeAction.PUT).withValue(memoAttributeValue);
	}

	UpdatePointRequest updatePointRequest = new UpdatePointRequest(geoPoint, rangeKeyAttributeValue);
	updatePointRequest.getUpdateItemRequest().addAttributeUpdatesEntry("schoolName", schoolNameValueUpdate);
	updatePointRequest.getUpdateItemRequest().addAttributeUpdatesEntry("memo", memoValueUpdate);

	UpdatePointResult updatePointResult = geoDataManager.updatePoint(updatePointRequest);

	printUpdatePointResult(updatePointResult, out);
}
 

@Test
public void getItemCommittedUpdated() {
    Transaction t1 = manager.newTransaction();
    
    Map<String, AttributeValueUpdate> updates = new HashMap<String, AttributeValueUpdate>();
    updates.put("asdf", new AttributeValueUpdate().withAction(AttributeAction.PUT).withValue(new AttributeValue("asdf")));
    Map<String, AttributeValue> item1 = new HashMap<String, AttributeValue>(item0);
    item1.put("asdf", new AttributeValue("asdf"));
    
    t1.updateItem(new UpdateItemRequest()
        .withTableName(INTEG_HASH_TABLE_NAME)
        .withAttributeUpdates(updates)
        .withKey(key0));
    
    assertItemLocked(INTEG_HASH_TABLE_NAME, key0, item1, t1.getId(), false, true);
    
    Map<String, AttributeValue> item = manager.getItem(new GetItemRequest()
        .withTableName(INTEG_HASH_TABLE_NAME)
        .withKey(key0), IsolationLevel.COMMITTED).getItem();
    assertNoSpecialAttributes(item);
    assertEquals(item0, item);
    assertItemLocked(INTEG_HASH_TABLE_NAME, key0, item1, t1.getId(), false, true);
    
    t1.commit();
    
    item = manager.getItem(new GetItemRequest()
        .withTableName(INTEG_HASH_TABLE_NAME)
        .withKey(key0), IsolationLevel.COMMITTED).getItem();
    assertNoSpecialAttributes(item);
    assertEquals(item1, item);
}
 

@Test
public void getItemCommittedUpdatedAndApplied() {
    Transaction t1 = new Transaction(UUID.randomUUID().toString(), manager, true) {
        @Override
        protected void doCommit() {
            //Skip cleaning up the transaction so we can validate reading.
        }
    };

    Map<String, AttributeValueUpdate> updates = new HashMap<String, AttributeValueUpdate>();
    updates.put("asdf", new AttributeValueUpdate().withAction(AttributeAction.PUT).withValue(new AttributeValue("asdf")));
    Map<String, AttributeValue> item1 = new HashMap<String, AttributeValue>(item0);
    item1.put("asdf", new AttributeValue("asdf"));

    t1.updateItem(new UpdateItemRequest()
        .withTableName(INTEG_HASH_TABLE_NAME)
        .withAttributeUpdates(updates)
        .withKey(key0));

    assertItemLocked(INTEG_HASH_TABLE_NAME, key0, item1, t1.getId(), false, true);

    t1.commit();

    Map<String, AttributeValue> item = manager.getItem(new GetItemRequest()
        .withTableName(INTEG_HASH_TABLE_NAME)
        .withKey(key0), IsolationLevel.COMMITTED).getItem();
    assertNoSpecialAttributes(item);
    assertEquals(item1, item);
    assertItemLocked(INTEG_HASH_TABLE_NAME, key0, item1, t1.getId(), false, true);
}
 

@Test
public void getItemCommittedMissingImage() {
    Transaction t1 = manager.newTransaction();
    Map<String, AttributeValueUpdate> updates = new HashMap<String, AttributeValueUpdate>();
    updates.put("asdf", new AttributeValueUpdate().withAction(AttributeAction.PUT).withValue(new AttributeValue("asdf")));
    Map<String, AttributeValue> item1 = new HashMap<String, AttributeValue>(item0);
    item1.put("asdf", new AttributeValue("asdf"));

    t1.updateItem(new UpdateItemRequest()
        .withTableName(INTEG_HASH_TABLE_NAME)
        .withAttributeUpdates(updates)
        .withKey(key0));

    assertItemLocked(INTEG_HASH_TABLE_NAME, key0, item1, t1.getId(), false, true);
    
    dynamodb.getRequestsToTreatAsDeleted.add(new GetItemRequest()
        .withTableName(manager.getItemImageTableName())
        .addKeyEntry(AttributeName.IMAGE_ID.toString(), new AttributeValue(t1.getTxItem().txId + "#" + 1))
        .withConsistentRead(true));
    
    try {
        manager.getItem(new GetItemRequest()
            .withTableName(INTEG_HASH_TABLE_NAME)
            .withKey(key0), IsolationLevel.COMMITTED).getItem();
        fail("Should have thrown an exception.");
    } catch (TransactionException e) {
        assertEquals("null - Ran out of attempts to get a committed image of the item", e.getMessage());
    }
}
 

/**
 * This example shows that reads can be performed in a transaction, and read locks can be upgraded to write locks. 
 */
public void readThenWrite() {
    print("\n*** readThenWrite() ***\n");
    
    Transaction t1 = txManager.newTransaction();
    
    // Perform a GetItem request on the transaction
    print("Reading Item1");
    Map<String, AttributeValue> key1 = new HashMap<String, AttributeValue>();
    key1.put(EXAMPLE_TABLE_HASH_KEY, new AttributeValue("Item1"));
    
    Map<String, AttributeValue> item1 = t1.getItem(new GetItemRequest()
        .withKey(key1)
        .withTableName(EXAMPLE_TABLE_NAME)).getItem();
    print("Item1: " + item1);
    
    // Now call UpdateItem to add a new attribute.
    // Notice that the library supports ReturnValues in writes
    print("Updating Item1");
    Map<String, AttributeValueUpdate> updates = new HashMap<String, AttributeValueUpdate>();
    updates.put("Color", new AttributeValueUpdate().withAction(AttributeAction.PUT).withValue(new AttributeValue("Green")));
    
    item1 = t1.updateItem(new UpdateItemRequest()
        .withKey(key1)
        .withTableName(EXAMPLE_TABLE_NAME)
        .withAttributeUpdates(updates)
        .withReturnValues(ReturnValue.ALL_NEW)).getAttributes();
    print("Item1 is now: " + item1);
    
    t1.commit();
    
    t1.delete();
}
 

/**
 * Releases the lock for the item.  If the item was inserted only to acquire the lock (if the item didn't exist before 
 * for a DeleteItem or LockItem), it will be deleted now.
 * 
 * Otherwise, all of the attributes uses for the transaction (tx id, transient flag, applied flag) will be removed.
 * 
 * Conditions on our transaction id owning the item
 * 
 * To be used once the transaction has committed only.
 * @param request
 */
protected void unlockItemAfterCommit(Request request) {
    try {
        Map<String, ExpectedAttributeValue> expected = new HashMap<String, ExpectedAttributeValue>();
        expected.put(AttributeName.TXID.toString(), new ExpectedAttributeValue().withValue(new AttributeValue(txId)));
        
        if(request instanceof PutItem || request instanceof UpdateItem) {
            Map<String, AttributeValueUpdate> updates = new HashMap<String, AttributeValueUpdate>();
            updates.put(AttributeName.TXID.toString(), new AttributeValueUpdate().withAction(AttributeAction.DELETE));
            updates.put(AttributeName.TRANSIENT.toString(), new AttributeValueUpdate().withAction(AttributeAction.DELETE));
            updates.put(AttributeName.APPLIED.toString(), new AttributeValueUpdate().withAction(AttributeAction.DELETE));
            updates.put(AttributeName.DATE.toString(), new AttributeValueUpdate().withAction(AttributeAction.DELETE));
            
            UpdateItemRequest update = new UpdateItemRequest()
                .withTableName(request.getTableName())
                .withKey(request.getKey(txManager))
                .withAttributeUpdates(updates)
                .withExpected(expected);
            txManager.getClient().updateItem(update);
        } else if(request instanceof DeleteItem) {
            DeleteItemRequest delete = new DeleteItemRequest()
                .withTableName(request.getTableName())
                .withKey(request.getKey(txManager))
                .withExpected(expected);
            txManager.getClient().deleteItem(delete);
        } else if(request instanceof GetItem) {
            releaseReadLock(request.getTableName(), request.getKey(txManager));
        } else {
            throw new TransactionAssertionException(txId, "Unknown request type: " + request.getClass());
        }
    } catch (ConditionalCheckFailedException e) {
        // ignore, unlock already happened
        // TODO if we really want to be paranoid we could condition on applied = 1, and then here
        //      we would have to read the item again and make sure that applied was 1 if we owned the lock (and assert otherwise) 
    }
}
 

protected static void releaseReadLock(String txId, TransactionManager txManager, String tableName, Map<String, AttributeValue> key) {
    Map<String, ExpectedAttributeValue> expected = new HashMap<String, ExpectedAttributeValue>();
    expected.put(AttributeName.TXID.toString(), new ExpectedAttributeValue().withValue(new AttributeValue(txId)));
    expected.put(AttributeName.TRANSIENT.toString(), new ExpectedAttributeValue().withExists(false));
    expected.put(AttributeName.APPLIED.toString(), new ExpectedAttributeValue().withExists(false));
    
    try {
        Map<String, AttributeValueUpdate> updates = new HashMap<String, AttributeValueUpdate>(1);
        updates.put(AttributeName.TXID.toString(), new AttributeValueUpdate().withAction(AttributeAction.DELETE));
        updates.put(AttributeName.DATE.toString(), new AttributeValueUpdate().withAction(AttributeAction.DELETE));
        
        UpdateItemRequest update = new UpdateItemRequest()
            .withTableName(tableName)
            .withAttributeUpdates(updates)
            .withKey(key)
            .withExpected(expected);
        txManager.getClient().updateItem(update);
    } catch (ConditionalCheckFailedException e) {
        try {
            expected.put(AttributeName.TRANSIENT.toString(), new ExpectedAttributeValue().withValue(new AttributeValue().withS(BOOLEAN_TRUE_ATTR_VAL)));
            
            DeleteItemRequest delete = new DeleteItemRequest()
                .withTableName(tableName)
                .withKey(key)
                .withExpected(expected);
            txManager.getClient().deleteItem(delete);    
        } catch (ConditionalCheckFailedException e1) {
            // Ignore, means it was definitely rolled back
            // Re-read to ensure that it wasn't applied
            Map<String, AttributeValue> item = getItem(txManager, tableName, key);
            txAssert(! (item != null && txId.equals(getOwner(item)) && item.containsKey(AttributeName.APPLIED.toString())), 
                "Item should not have been applied.  Unable to release lock", "item", item);
        }
    }
}
 

/**
 * Marks the transaction item as either COMMITTED or ROLLED_BACK, but only if it was in the PENDING state.
 * It will also condition on the expected version. 
 * 
 * @param targetState
 * @param expectedVersion 
 * @throws ConditionalCheckFailedException if the transaction doesn't exist, isn't PENDING, is finalized, 
 *         or the expected version doesn't match (if specified)  
 */
public void finish(final State targetState, final int expectedVersion) throws ConditionalCheckFailedException {
    txAssert(State.COMMITTED.equals(targetState) || State.ROLLED_BACK.equals(targetState),"Illegal state in finish(): " + targetState, "txItem", txItem);
    Map<String, ExpectedAttributeValue> expected = new HashMap<String, ExpectedAttributeValue>(2);
    expected.put(AttributeName.STATE.toString(), new ExpectedAttributeValue().withValue(new AttributeValue().withS(STATE_PENDING)));
    expected.put(AttributeName.FINALIZED.toString(), new ExpectedAttributeValue().withExists(false));
    expected.put(AttributeName.VERSION.toString(), new ExpectedAttributeValue().withValue(new AttributeValue().withN(Integer.toString(expectedVersion))));
    
    Map<String, AttributeValueUpdate> updates = new HashMap<String, AttributeValueUpdate>();
    updates.put(AttributeName.STATE.toString(), new AttributeValueUpdate()
        .withAction(AttributeAction.PUT)
        .withValue(new AttributeValue(stateToString(targetState))));
    updates.put(AttributeName.DATE.toString(), new AttributeValueUpdate()
        .withAction(AttributeAction.PUT)
        .withValue(txManager.getCurrentTimeAttribute()));
    
    UpdateItemRequest finishRequest = new UpdateItemRequest()
        .withTableName(txManager.getTransactionTableName())
        .withKey(txKey)
        .withAttributeUpdates(updates)
        .withReturnValues(ReturnValue.ALL_NEW)
        .withExpected(expected);
    
    UpdateItemResult finishResult = txManager.getClient().updateItem(finishRequest);
    txItem = finishResult.getAttributes();
    if(txItem == null) {
        throw new TransactionAssertionException(txId, "Unexpected null tx item after committing " + targetState);
    }
}
 

/**
 * Completes a transaction by marking its "Finalized" attribute.  This leaves the completed transaction item around
 * so that the party who created the transaction can see whether it was completed or rolled back.  They can then either 
 * delete the transaction record when they're done, or they can run a sweeper process to go and delete the completed transactions
 * later on. 
 * 
 * @param expectedCurrentState
 * @throws ConditionalCheckFailedException if the transaction is completed, doesn't exist anymore, or even if it isn't committed or rolled back  
 */
public void complete(final State expectedCurrentState) throws ConditionalCheckFailedException {
    Map<String, ExpectedAttributeValue> expected = new HashMap<String, ExpectedAttributeValue>(2);
    
    if(State.COMMITTED.equals(expectedCurrentState)) {
        expected.put(AttributeName.STATE.toString(), new ExpectedAttributeValue(new AttributeValue(STATE_COMMITTED)));
    } else if(State.ROLLED_BACK.equals(expectedCurrentState)) {
        expected.put(AttributeName.STATE.toString(), new ExpectedAttributeValue(new AttributeValue(STATE_ROLLED_BACK)));
    } else {
        throw new TransactionAssertionException(txId, "Illegal state in finish(): " + expectedCurrentState + " txItem " + txItem);
    }
    
    Map<String, AttributeValueUpdate> updates = new HashMap<String, AttributeValueUpdate>();
    updates.put(AttributeName.FINALIZED.toString(), new AttributeValueUpdate()
        .withAction(AttributeAction.PUT)
        .withValue(new AttributeValue(Transaction.BOOLEAN_TRUE_ATTR_VAL)));
    updates.put(AttributeName.DATE.toString(), new AttributeValueUpdate()
        .withAction(AttributeAction.PUT)
        .withValue(txManager.getCurrentTimeAttribute()));
    
    UpdateItemRequest completeRequest = new UpdateItemRequest()
        .withTableName(txManager.getTransactionTableName())
        .withKey(txKey)
        .withAttributeUpdates(updates)
        .withReturnValues(ReturnValue.ALL_NEW)
        .withExpected(expected);
    
    txItem = txManager.getClient().updateItem(completeRequest).getAttributes();
}
 

private UpdateItemRequest constructUpdateItemRequest(RawSecretEntry rawSecretEntry, boolean expectExists, Optional<RawSecretEntry> expectedRawSecretEntry) {
    // Create item key.
    Map<String, AttributeValue> key = new HashMap<>();
    key.put(KEY_ATTRIBUTE_NAME.toString(), new AttributeValue().withS(rawSecretEntry.secretIdentifier.name));
    key.put(VERSION_ATTRIBUTE_NAME.toString(), new AttributeValue().withN(String.valueOf(rawSecretEntry.version)));


    // Create item attributes.
    Map<String, AttributeValueUpdate> attributes = new HashMap<>();
    attributes.put(SCHEMA_VERSION_FIELD_NAME,
            new AttributeValueUpdate()
                    .withAction(AttributeAction.PUT)
                    .withValue(new AttributeValue()
                            .withN(SCHEMA_VERSION)));

    attributes.put(NOT_BEFORE_ATTRIBUTE_NAME.toString(),
            new AttributeValueUpdate()
                    .withAction(AttributeAction.PUT)
                    .withValue(new AttributeValue()
                            .withN(FormattedTimestamp.epoch(rawSecretEntry.notBefore.get()).toString())));
    attributes.put(STATE_ATTRIBUTE_NAME.toString(),
            new AttributeValueUpdate()
                    .withAction(AttributeAction.PUT)
                    .withValue(new AttributeValue()
                            .withN(Byte.toString(rawSecretEntry.state.asByte()))));
    attributes.put(VALUE_ATTRIBUTE_NAME.toString(),
            new AttributeValueUpdate()
                    .withAction(AttributeAction.PUT)
                    .withValue(new AttributeValue()
                            .withS(Encoder.base64encode(rawSecretEntry.encryptedPayload))));
    attributes.put(OPTIMISTIC_LOCKING_ATTRIBUTE_NAME,
            new AttributeValueUpdate()
                    .withAction(AttributeAction.PUT)
                    .withValue(new AttributeValue()
                            .withS(Encoder.base64encode(rawSecretEntry.sha1OfEncryptionPayload()))));

    // Create the expected conditions map.
    Map<String, ExpectedAttributeValue> expected = new HashMap<>();
    if (expectExists) {
        expected.put(KEY_ATTRIBUTE_NAME.toString(), new ExpectedAttributeValue(true).withValue(
                new AttributeValue(rawSecretEntry.secretIdentifier.name)));
        expected.put(OPTIMISTIC_LOCKING_ATTRIBUTE_NAME, new ExpectedAttributeValue(true).withValue(
                new AttributeValue(Encoder.sha1(expectedRawSecretEntry.get().encryptedPayload))));
    } else {
        expected.put(KEY_ATTRIBUTE_NAME.toString(), new ExpectedAttributeValue(false));
    }

    return new UpdateItemRequest(tableName, key, attributes).withExpected(expected);
}
 

/**
 * Add one metric.
 * @param metric XML with metric
 * @throws IOException If fails
 */
private void add(final XML metric) throws IOException {
    final Item item;
    final Iterator<Item> items = this.table.frame()
        .through(
            new QueryValve()
                .withLimit(1)
                .withSelect(Select.ALL_ATTRIBUTES)
        )
        .where("metric", metric.xpath("@name").get(0))
        .where("version", new Version().value())
        .iterator();
    if (items.hasNext()) {
        item = items.next();
    } else {
        item = this.table.put(
            new Attributes()
                .with("metric", metric.xpath("@name").get(0))
                .with("version", new Version().value())
                .with("artifact", "?")
                .with("champions", 0L)
                // @checkstyle MagicNumber (2 lines)
                .with("mean", new DyNum(0.5d).longValue())
                .with("sigma", new DyNum(0.1d).longValue())
        );
    }
    final double mean = Double.parseDouble(
        metric.xpath("mean/text()").get(0)
    );
    final double sigma = Double.parseDouble(
        metric.xpath("sigma/text()").get(0)
    );
    final boolean reverse = Boolean.parseBoolean(
        metric.xpath("reverse/text()").get(0)
    );
    final double mbefore = new DyNum(item, "mean").doubleValue();
    final double sbefore = new DyNum(item, "sigma").doubleValue();
    // @checkstyle BooleanExpressionComplexityCheck (1 line)
    if (sigma < sbefore || mean < mbefore && reverse
        || mean > mbefore && !reverse) {
        item.put(
            new AttributeUpdates()
                .with("artifact", metric.xpath("/index/@artifact").get(0))
                .with(
                    "champions",
                    new AttributeValueUpdate()
                        .withValue(new AttributeValue().withN("1"))
                        .withAction(AttributeAction.ADD)
                )
                .with("mean", new DyNum(mean).update())
                .with("sigma", new DyNum(sigma).update())
        );
    }
}
 

private SingleUpdateBuilder delete(final StaticBuffer column) {
    updates.put(encodeKeyBuffer(column),
            new AttributeValueUpdate()
                    .withAction(AttributeAction.DELETE));
    return this;
}
 

@Test
public void leadingAndTrailingZeros() {
    DynamoDBMapper mapper = new DynamoDBMapper(client, CLOBBER_CONFIG, new AttributeEncryptor(symProv));
    Mixed obj = new Mixed();
    obj.setHashKey(0);
    obj.setRangeKey(15);
    obj.setIntSet(new HashSet<Integer>());
    obj.getIntSet().add(3);
    obj.getIntSet().add(5);
    obj.getIntSet().add(7);
    obj.setStringValue("Blargh!");
    obj.setDoubleValue(15);
    obj.setDoubleSet(
            new HashSet<Double>(Arrays.asList(15.0D, 7.6D, -3D, -34.2D, 0.0D)));

    mapper.save(obj);


    // TODO: Update the mock to handle this appropriately.
    // DynamoDb discards leading and trailing zeros from numbers
    Map<String, AttributeValue> key = new HashMap<String, AttributeValue>();
    key.put("hashKey", new AttributeValue().withN("0"));
    key.put("rangeKey", new AttributeValue().withN("15"));
    Map<String, AttributeValueUpdate> attributeUpdates = new HashMap<String, AttributeValueUpdate>();
    attributeUpdates.put("doubleValue", new AttributeValueUpdate(new AttributeValue().withN("15"), AttributeAction.PUT));
    UpdateItemRequest update = new UpdateItemRequest("TableName", key, attributeUpdates);
    client.updateItem(update);


    Mixed result = mapper.load(Mixed.class, 0, 15);
    assertEquals(obj, result);

    result.setStringValue("Foo");
    mapper.save(result);

    Mixed result2 = mapper.load(Mixed.class, 0, 15);
    assertEquals(result, result2);

    mapper.delete(result);
    assertNull(mapper.load(Mixed.class, 0, 15));
}
 

@Test
public void getItemCommittedConcurrentCommit() {
    //Test reading an item while simulating another transaction committing concurrently.
    //To do this we skip cleanup, make the item image appear to be deleted,
    //and then make the reader get the uncommitted version of the transaction 
    //row for the first read and then actual updated version for later reads.
    
    Transaction t1 = new Transaction(UUID.randomUUID().toString(), manager, true) {
        @Override
        protected void doCommit() {
            //Skip cleaning up the transaction so we can validate reading.
        }
    };
    Map<String, AttributeValueUpdate> updates = new HashMap<String, AttributeValueUpdate>();
    updates.put("asdf", new AttributeValueUpdate().withAction(AttributeAction.PUT).withValue(new AttributeValue("asdf")));
    Map<String, AttributeValue> item1 = new HashMap<String, AttributeValue>(item0);
    item1.put("asdf", new AttributeValue("asdf"));

    t1.updateItem(new UpdateItemRequest()
        .withTableName(INTEG_HASH_TABLE_NAME)
        .withAttributeUpdates(updates)
        .withKey(key0));

    assertItemLocked(INTEG_HASH_TABLE_NAME, key0, item1, t1.getId(), false, true);
    
    GetItemRequest txItemRequest = new GetItemRequest()
        .withTableName(manager.getTransactionTableName())
        .addKeyEntry(AttributeName.TXID.toString(), new AttributeValue(t1.getTxItem().txId))
        .withConsistentRead(true);
    
    //Save the copy of the transaction before commit. 
    GetItemResult uncommittedTransaction = dynamodb.getItem(txItemRequest);
    
    t1.commit();
    assertItemLocked(INTEG_HASH_TABLE_NAME, key0, item1, t1.getId(), false, true);
    
    dynamodb.getRequestsToStub.put(txItemRequest, new LinkedList<GetItemResult>(Collections.singletonList(uncommittedTransaction)));
    //Stub out the image so it appears deleted
    dynamodb.getRequestsToTreatAsDeleted.add(new GetItemRequest()
        .withTableName(manager.getItemImageTableName())
        .addKeyEntry(AttributeName.IMAGE_ID.toString(), new AttributeValue(t1.getTxItem().txId + "#" + 1))
        .withConsistentRead(true));
    
    Map<String, AttributeValue> item = manager.getItem(new GetItemRequest()
        .withTableName(INTEG_HASH_TABLE_NAME)
        .withKey(key0), IsolationLevel.COMMITTED).getItem();
    assertNoSpecialAttributes(item);
    assertEquals(item1, item);
}