Appium + Python自动化 - 通过appium 定位元素 （备忘）

Appium 是一个自动化测试 工具，其功能是封装了 将appium.webdriver代码转化为android、ios 控制命令。下面以android为列：

比如连接android 是appium 发送的adb命令，获取android版本号：

[ADB] Trying to find a connected android device
[ADB] Getting connected devices...
[ADB] Connected devices: [{"udid":"4b36aa0c","state":"device"}]
[AndroidDriver] Looking for a device with Android '10.0.0'
[ADB] Setting device id to 4b36aa0c
[ADB] Getting device platform version
[ADB] Running 'F:\Android\Sdk\platform-tools\adb.exe -P 5037 -s 4b36aa0c shell getprop ro.build.version.release'
[ADB] Current device property 'ro.build.version.release': 10

测试app 时 第一步是要分析app结构编写控制脚本，官方一般推荐adb 自带的uiautomatorviewer（位于android sdk\tools\bin），效果如下：

uiautomatorviewer 够用但是不够强大，而且写代码要开两个工具（强迫症不能忍），所以小编推荐使用appium自带工具。下面介绍如何打开、配置appium 自带布局检测工具：

1、添加新会话

2、配置参数

参数json:

{
  "platformName": "android",
  "noReset": true,
  "simpleIsVisibleCheck": true,
  "platformVersion": "10",
  "deviceName": "4b36aa0c23",
  "id": "Xiaomi-MI 8 SE",
  "appPackage": "cn.youth.news",
  "appActivity": "com.weishang.wxrd.activity.SplashActivity"
}

appPackage、appActivity 为apk包名和启动类名称，可以使用adb 自带aapt获取

deviceName 为adb devices 获取的设备名称， 

noReset  是否清除上次打开app的会话信息 

3、主界面start server ，然后当前页面starta session ，效果如图，

由上图可以看出列举了各种选择器，和整个页面布局结构。现在可以直接拷贝选择器写脚本了 （python，eg）

class Qing:

    def __init__(self, app):
        self.app = app

    def set_app_info(self, desire_caps):
        desire_caps['appPackage'] = 'cn.youth.news'
        desire_caps['appActivity'] = 'com.weishang.wxrd.activity.SplashActivity'
        return desire_caps

    def run(self, driver):
        time.sleep(7)
        driver.press_keycode(4)
        TouchAction(driver).tap(x=200, y=500).perform()
        time.sleep(2)
        driver.press_keycode(4)
        while self.app.times - self.app.executeTimes > 0:
            try:
                self.scrollItem(driver)
                self.readArticle(driver)
                self.app.executeTimes = self.app.executeTimes + 1
                self.app.executeAt = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", time.localtime())
                ses.commit()
            except:
                print(time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", time.localtime()) + ':exception')
                driver.press_keycode(4)
        driver.quit()

    def scrollItem(self, driver):
        try:
            time.sleep(2)
            print("::" + threading.current_thread().name + "::" + time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S",
                                                                                time.localtime()) + ":next")
            title = driver.find_element_by_id('cn.youth.news:id/tv_article_title')
            # print(title.text)
            ad = Reader()
            ad.title = title.text
            ad.createAt = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", time.localtime())
            exists = ses.query(Reader).filter_by(title=title.text).all()
            if len(exists) <= 0:
                ses.add(ad)
                title.click()
                ses.commit()
            else:
                el = driver.find_element_by_id("cn.youth.news:id/tv_home_tab")
                el.click()
                time.sleep(2)
                self.scrollItem(driver)
        except Exception as e:
            print(str(e))

    def readArticle(self, driver):
        print(time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", time.localtime()) + ":read")
        try:
            # el1 = driver.find_element_by_class_name('android.webkit.WebView')
            # action1 = TouchAction(driver)
            # for x in range(0, 11):
            #     time.sleep(2)
            #     action1.press(el1).move_to(x=0, y=x / 10).release().perform()
            size = driver.get_window_size()
            width = size["width"]
            height = size["height"]
            x1 = width * 0.5
            y1 = height * 0.9
            y2 = height * 0.4
            for i in range(0, 7):
                time.sleep(4)
                driver.swipe(x1, y1, x1, y2)
            time.sleep(10)
        except Exception as e:
            print(str(e))
            print('read exception')
        finally:
            driver.press_keycode(4)

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